Measuring Micro Bubble Generator Concentration

Measuring the bubble concentration of a Micro Bubble Generator (MBG) is critical for evaluating its performance and optimizing applications. Here are the primary methods and their principles:

1. Optical Techniques

Laser Diffraction/Scattering:
A laser beam passes through the bubble-containing liquid, and the scattered light pattern is analyzed to determine bubble size distribution and concentration.

Example: Instruments like Malvern Mastersizer can measure bubbles from 0.1 μm to 3 mm.
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV):
Uses high-speed cameras to capture bubble motion illuminated by a laser sheet for density and velocity calculations.

2. Electrical Conductivity Method

Measures conductivity changes between electrodes caused by bubbles
Suitable for low-concentration (<10%) micro-bubble suspensions
May be affected by liquid impurities

3. Acoustic Techniques

Ultrasonic Attenuation:
Measures how bubbles absorb or scatter ultrasonic waves, proportional to concentration.
Acoustic Resonance:
Determines size and concentration by measuring bubble resonance frequencies.

4. Chemical Tracer Method

Introduces a chemical tracer (dye/gas) to measure dilution by bubbles
Indirect but accurate for certain scenarios
Works well for gas volume fraction measurement

5. Direct Sampling and Counting

Involves microscopic observation of sampled liquid
Manual or automated image analysis for counting
Highly accurate but labor-intensive

Best suited for laboratory-scale validation studies.

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