After high-temperature water enters the cooling tower from the external system, it is evenly sprayed onto the fill surface by the water distribution device, forming a water film. At this point, the heat contained in the water film begins to transfer to the surrounding air, laying the foundation for the subsequent cooling process.

As the water film comes into contact with the air, some of the water evaporates due to the dryness and temperature differences of the air. This evaporation absorbs a significant amount of heat, lowering the temperature of the remaining water. This is one of the primary ways a cooling tower achieves cooling.

The cooling tower uses natural or mechanical ventilation to continuously flow air over the water film. This flowing air not only removes the water vapor produced by evaporation but also accelerates heat exchange between the water and air, enhancing the cooling effect.

The cooled water collects in a sump at the bottom of the cooling tower and is then pumped back to the equipment requiring cooling, completing the cooling cycle. This process is repeated continuously, continuously removing excess heat from the external system.

The filler design increases the contact area between water and air, allowing for more efficient heat exchange. The ventilation system controls the air flow rate and direction, ensuring a stable and efficient cooling process. These auxiliary components work in conjunction with the core heat exchange process to achieve the cooling function of the cooling tower.