The energy consumption of flotation water treatment systems varies depending on the type of flotation technology used, system design, and operational conditions.

Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)

DAF systems typically consume 0.5–3 kWh/m³ of treated water. The primary energy use comes from air compression, pressurization pumps, and mixing mechanisms. High-pressure saturators (6–8 bar) increase energy demand, but optimized designs can reduce consumption.

Induced Air Flotation (IAF) & Electroflotation

IAF systems generally require 0.3–1.5 kWh/m³, relying on mechanical aerators or impellers. Electroflotation, which uses electrolysis to generate bubbles, may consume 2–5 kWh/m³ due to electrical input but is less common.

Factors Affecting Energy Use

• Flow rate & influent quality (higher solids load = more energy)
• Recycle ratio (higher ratios in DAF increase pumping costs)
• Automation & efficiency measures (e.g., variable frequency drives reduce waste)

Compared to sedimentation, flotation often has higher energy demands but offers better removal efficiency for fine particles and oils. Advances in low-energy DAF designs and renewable energy integration are improving sustainability.